I-Ohlange Institute

I-Ohlange Native Industrial Institute, njengoba yayaziwa ngaleso kanjalo, yasungulwa nguMfundisi John Dube ngo-1901. Wayaziwa njengoMafukuzela, ekhombisa amandla akhe nokukhuthala. Waba nguMongameli wokuqala weSouth African Native National Congress (SANNC), ngokuhamba kwesikhathi waphinde yabizwa nge-African National Congress (ANC). Wayephinde abe ngumhleli wokuqala wephephandaba Ilanga laseNatali kanye nothishanhloko wokuqala walokho namuhla okwaziwa nge-Ohlange High School.

Umgomo wokuhola kaDube empilweni, yize wayenamandla amangalisayo, kwakumele “asheshe kancane”. Lokhu kube yisisekelo senqubomgomo yezemfundo ayethula Ohlange, egcizelela ukuthi abafundi bahlonyiselwe kahle imisebenzi yabo yesikhathi esizayo. Ukukhathazeka kwakhe bekuwukukhiqiza izakhamizi ezizethembayo, futhi wagcizelela ukubaluleka kokunikeza abafundi uqeqesho lwezimboni kanye namakhono okufunda. Lokhu kuholele ekwenzeni izicathulo, ukuthunga izingubo, ukubaza, ukukhanda imishini, ezolimo nobuntatheli kufundiswe kanye nezifundo zemfundo.

UDube ubuye wagxila kakhulu ekwakhekeni kwabalingiswa. Kwezepolitiki wayengumuntu olinganiselayo nozimele. Wazithola esexabene ne-Industrial and Commercial Union (ICU) kanye nohulumeni wamakoloni wangaleso sikhathi. Usebenze noMahatma Gandhi futhi wakugxeka ukuthengwa kwezikhali nguhulumeni ukuze aqede ukuhlubuka kukaBambatha. Empilweni yakhe yonke wagcina ephila umbono wezepolitiki owazala i-ANC emakhasini eLanga lase Natali.

UDube wakhuthazeka embonweni wakhe wezemfundo ngokuvakashela e-United States of America lapho enza khona ubungani noBooker T Washington, umsunguli weTuskegee Institute of Alabama, nangomsebenzi owenziwa yileso Sikhungo phakathi kwabase-Afrika baseMelika.

UMafukuzela, njengoba wayaziwa kubantu bakubo (ngokuhumusha ngokukhululeka okusho ukuthi umuntu ofuna izingane ezinamakhono), waqala isikole Ohlange ngemuva kokubuya kwakhe eMelika. Indodakazi yakhe uLulu ikhumbula ukuthi “… wakhuthazeka lapho ebona abantu abamnyama baseMelika ababebizwa ngaleso sikhathi ngokuthi‘ amaNegros ’futhi ababemnyama njengabantu bakhe emuva ekhaya, kodwa befunda. Uthe kumele ayizame ekhaya, njengoba benza naphesheya kwezilwandle. Yize nabo babecindezelwe njengathi, bangcono kunathi. Ngalezo zinsuku, abantu abamnyama babefika ezingeni lesithupha kuphela okwakuthathwa njengezinga elihle. Phesheya kwezilwandle, abantu baqhubeka nokufunda. ” Uthe kubantu Ohlange “Ngifuna ukufundisa izingane zakho.”

Uqoqe izimali ikakhulukazi ngokuxhumana kwakhe noWashington nabanye ukuvula isikole. Wemba itshe futhi wasiza, ngokubambisana nabafundi bokuqala basekolishi, ukumisa izakhiwo ezizokwakha isikole. UChief Mqhawe unikeze uDube amakhilogremu angu-200 ukuthi athenge umhlaba ongamahektare angu-200 eNanda ukuze kwenziwe lesi sikole.

Ngemuva komcimbi wesisekelo lesi sikole sakhiwe phezu kwentaba esinegama Ohlange, okususelwa egameni uhlanga. UDube wakhetha igama Ohlange lesikole ngenxa yencazelo yalo yokuthi ‘lapho izizwe zonke zihlangana khona”. Wayefuna ukuthi bonke abantu bezwe bahlangane futhi bakhe isizwe esisha.

Isikole savulwa ngomhlaka 26 Julayi 1901 kwathi uMfu Dube waba nguThishanhloko Ohlange Institute. Iminyaka eminingi ubedlala indima yokuhola emphakathini waseNanda. Lesi sikole siqale kusuka onyakeni wokuqala (uGrade 1) kuze kufike kwamatikuletsheni (matric). Wayenentshisekelo enkulu kwizifundo zezimboni ngoba wayefuna abantu bafunde ukwenza konke ngokwabo futhi bangalindeli isisa sabantu abamhlophe. Wayebandakanyeka ngqo ekufundiseni ubuntatheli kanye nezifundo ezihlobene nazo.

Uhlangothi lwezemfundo lwalesi sikole lwandiswa futhi kwathi ngo-1915 abafundi bokuqala abavela Ohlange babhalisela ukufundela ukuyaphambili e-University College of the Cape of Good Hope.

Umthetho we-Bantu Education Act wango-1953 waba nomthelela omkhulu esikoleni Ohlange njengoba wenza kuzo zonke izikole zabamnyama, okwaholela ekwehleni kwesikole esiziqhenyayo esake sachazwa ngokuthi “yinqaba yokukhanya” endaweni ehlwempu eseduzane nedolobha laseThekwini.

Inkondlo ka-HIE Dlomo eyabhalwa ngonyaka ka-1912 ithwebula umbono wezwe nowezemfundo wesikole esilindele ukuzalwa kabusha:

Above the Ohlange heights
There hover ever glorious lights
They glow, they gleam, they quiver
Ever, ever, ever,
As a flowing river
From the mighty hand of God.

English version

Ngenhla kwezindawo eziphakeme Ohlange
Kukhona ukuzulazula kwezibani ezikhazimulayo njalo
Ziyakhanya, ziyakhazimula, ziyavevezela
Njalo, njalo, njalo,
Njengomfula ogelezayo
Kusukela esandleni esinamandla sikaNkulunkulu.

Zulu version

Ngenkathi uNelson Mandela evota okhethweni lokuqala lwentando yeningi ngonyaka ka-1994, wakhetha ukwenza lokho eDr JL Dube Interpretation Centre eyayihlala emagcekeni esikole. “Umoya kaDkt Dube uqobo uyisizathu esihle sokubuyisela lesi sikole esimeni saso sangaphambili,” kuphawula uJabu Linda, onguthishanhloko wesikole njengamanje. “Umbono wakhe, osengozini enkulu, akumele ulahleke kule ndawo.” Ingqalasizinda yesikole idinga ukulungiswa kabusha, kuhlanzwe amagceke, kugcwaliswe izinsizakusebenza zemfundo, kubuyiswe umoya womphakathi wesikole futhi kubhalwe ifa futhi ligujwe ngamagugu. Umbono omusha udinga ukuvuthwa ofanele isikole nomphakathi okwamanje.

Kungokwesifiso sikahulumeni kazwelonke, wesifundazwe nowasekhaya, owezinkampani ezizimele kanye nomphakathi wonkana ukubuyisela lesi siza esinomlando, nokusiza isikole ukuze sibe nomthelela owakhayo endaweni esikuyo. Kokubili izitshudeni, ezibandakanya iPhini likaMongameli nezinye izakhamizi ezivelele, kanye nomphakathi wendawo kudingeka badonswe ekubuyiselweni kwesikole. Ukuze lokhu kwenzeke, noma kunjalo, ubuholi, ukufundisa nokuphathwa kwesikole kudinga usizo oluphuthumayo.

Ohlange High School njengoba ibizwa manje isiyingxenye yomgwaqo iNanda Heritage Trail kanye neGandhi Settlement kanye neNanda Seminary.

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