Ulwazi oluningi kulesi siqeshana lucashunwe ngqo ku-An Introduction to Umlabalaba ngu-Edward L. Powe wenhlangano I -BLAC Foundation. Ukuze uthole kabanzi ngomsebenzi wakhe, sicela uvakashele ku-www.blacfoundation.org lapho ungadlala khona umdlalo we-inthanethi womulabalaba othuthukiswe yinhlangano.
Umlabalaba (i-labyrinth in Zulu) wumdlalo webhodi wesiZulu “wokuxukuza umqondo” ovame ukuhunyushwa ngokuthi yi “Zulu Chess”. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zomdlalo eZululand ezibandakanya umehluko omncane ekuhlelweni kwebhodi kanye nokuphethwa komdlalo. Ngokwesisuthu inezindawo ezingama-25 (okungukuthi, amaphuzu ebhodini lapho imigqa emibili ihlangana khona) okungabekwa phezu kwayo izinkomo, kanti ngasohlangathini lwesisizulu kunezindawo ezingama-24 kuphela. Kuyo yomibili le midlalo, umdlali ngamunye unikezwa izinkomo eziyi-12 ezidlalwa ngokushintshana – isibalo esisodwa ngesikhathi – kunoma iyiphi indawo yebhodi. Ngemva kokuba zonke izinkomo zisetshenziswe ngale ndlela, izinkomo zingathuthwa indawo eyodwa ngesikhathi ziye ezindaweni ezintsha emigqeni ebhodini. Uma ngenhlanhla (kweyesizulu) zonke izinkomo ezingama-24 zibekwe ebhodini futhi kungekho ebanjiwe (bheka okulandelayo), umdlali ngamunye kudingeka ukuthi asuse eyodwa yezinkomo zakhe futhi “ayiphe” imbangi yakhe. Kulokhu, umuntu wokuqala ukususa inkomo kuba odlale kuqala.
Inhloso yomdlalo – njengo-tic-tac-toe – ukwakha isibhamu ngezinkomo ezintathu ziqonde, noma zivundlile (kanye ne-diagonally kwisisuthu) kwizigaba zombili kwesokuqala (kubekwa), kanye nangesikhathi somdlalo. Nakwesesibili (sekuthuthwa). Ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho umdlali akha khona isibhamu, ususa enye yezinkomo zembangi yakhe ebhodini. Onqobayo uthatha izinkomo ezilishumu zembangi yakhe.
Umehluko omkhulu emdlalweni wokugcina phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili zomlabalaba wukuthi ngesizulu noma nini lapho umdlali esele nezinkomo ezintathu kuphela ebhodini, unelungelo (uma sekuyithuba lakhe) lokungayinaki imigqa futhi asuse noma iyiphi yezinkomo zakhe. Kunoma iyiphi indawo ebhodini ayikhethayo. Kanti kweyesisuthu akwenzeki kanjalo. Kafushane, imithetho yomdlalo yalezi zinhlobo ezimbili imi kanje:
Okuqukethwe
- Isisuthu
- Isizulu
- Amanothi Amasiko
- Amasu nokwakhiwa
- Iqembu nokuhlelwa
- Incazelo yomdlalo
- Imithetho
- Ukushaya amaphuzu
- Umthombo
Isisuthu
Umdlali ngamunye unikezwa izinkomo ezingu-12.
Umdlali ngamunye ubeka izinkomo zakhe kunoma yisiphi isikhala sebhodi zingaba ngu-25 (ubeka lapho kuhlangana khona imigqa emibili).
Umdlali wesibili ube esebeka eyodwa yezinkomo zakhe kunoma yisiphi isikhala esisele ebhodini.
Umdlali wokuqala ube esebeka enye yezinkomo zakhe kunoma yisiphi isikhala ngenhloso yokuvalela imbangi yakhe ingakwazi ukubeka izinkomo zayo zilandelane zibe ntathu, noma akhe isibhamu enzele ukukwazi ukuhlasela imbangi yakhe alandelanise izinkomo zakhe zibe ntathu.
Uma omunye wabadlali ephumelela ukwenza umugqa ovundlile noma oqondile wezinkomo ezintathu ezilandelanayo (isibhamu), ususa noma iyiphi inkomo yembangi yakhe.
Qaphela, nokho, ukuthi kulokhu kuhlukahluka komdlalo, indawo emaphakathi nebhodi ingasetshenziswa kuphela ukwakha isibhamu ngaphakathi kwesikwele. Okungukuthi, isibhamu esenziwe kusetshenziswa isikwele esimaphakathi, indawo ezungezwe isikwele esimaphakathi, naseduze kwaso asithathwa njengesibhamu ongadla ngaso imbangi yakho.
Umdlalo uyaqhubeka kuze kubekwe zonke izinkomo ebhodini.
Bese kuqala isigaba sesibili. ngemva kokuba umdlali wesibili ebeke inkomo yakhe yokugcina ebhodini, umdlali wokuqala uhambisa enye yezinkomo zakhe kuwo lowo mugqa, ayibeke la kuhlangana khona imidwebo endaweni engenalutho ngomzamo wokwakha isibhamu noma ukuvimba imbangi yakhe ekutheni ingahlaseli.
Nokho, phawula ukuthi uma zonke izinkomo zomdlali zinganyakazi, isitha sakhe kufanele siphinde sinyakaze.
Uma isibhamu sesakhiwe, lowo mdlali ukhipha noma ngabe iyiphi ezinkomeni zembangi yakhe. Uma umdlali ekhiphe izinkomo ezilishumi zembangi yakhe, kuba nguye umanqoba.
Isizulu
Umdlali ngamunye unikezwa 12 wezinkomo .
Umdlali wokuqala ubeka enye yezinkomo zakhe kunoma iyiphi indawo yebhodi engaba khona (lapho imigqa emibili yebhodi ihlangana khona noma inqamula khona).
Umdlali wesibili ube esebeka eyodwa yezinkomo zakhe kunoma iyiphi indawo esele yebhodi.
Umdlali wokuqala ube esebeka enye yezinkomo zakhe kunoma yisiphi isikhala ngenhloso yokuvalela imbangi yakhe ukuthi ingabeki izinkomo zayo zize zibe ntathu zilandelana (“isibhamu”) noma akhe isibhamu ” ngezinkomo ezintathu njengaku ku-tic tac toe).
Uma omunye wabadlali ephumelela ukwenza umugqa ovundlile noma oqondile wezinkomo ezintathu ezilandelanayo (isibhamu), ukhipha noma iyiphi inkomo yembangi yakhe.
Umdlalo uqhubeka kanjalo kuze kube yilapho umdlali wesibili ebeka inkomo yakhe yokugcina ebhodini.
Bese kuqala isigaba sesibili, ngemva kokuba umdlali wesibili ebeke inkomo yakhe yokugcina ebhodini, umdlali wokuqala uhambisa enye yezinkomo zakhe kuwo lowo mugqa, ayibeke la kuhlangana khona imidwebo endaweni engenalutho ezama ukwakha isibhamu noma ukuvimba imbangi yakhe ekutheni ingahlaseli.
Qaphela ukuthi, uma kwenzeka zonke izikhala ezingu-24 zigcwele, umuntu wokuqala othuthile kufanele akhiphe noma iyiphi inkomo yakhe ayiphe imbangi yakhe (ilobolo). Umdlali wesibili kudingeka ukuthi akhiphe futhi aphe umdlali wokuqala noma iyiphi inkomo yakhe.
Qaphela futhi ukuthi uma umdlali engakwazi ukunyakaza ngenxa yokuthi zonke izinkomo zakhe azinyakazi zivalelekile, imbangi iyanyakaza futhi.
Uma umdlali esesakhile isibhamu, lowo mdlali ukhipha noma iyiphi inkomo yembangi yakhe. nokungafani ngokwesisuthu, lapho umdlali uma esele nezinkomo ezintathu kuphela angasusa noma ngabe iyiphi noma ikuphi inkomo ebhodini. Uma umdlali edla izinkomo eziyishumi zembangi yakhe kuba nguye umanqoba.
Nakuba kungekho owazi kahle ukuthi umlabalaba wavela kanjani futhi nini ezweni lakwaZulu, unomlando ojulile futhi, nanamuhla, usewumdlalo wamabhodi wesiZulu othandwa kakhulu esifundeni. UDkt Edward L. Powe (echaza ngezinga uShaka ayekulo esemncane encwadini yakhe ethi Shaka Zulu) wabhala:
Umkhumbi wezinyawo kwakunguShaka Zulu
enesivinini esedlula unyazi
wabekezela kakhulu,
Kunabanye abelusi.
Wayenamandla, nakuba wayezacile ngomzimba,
Wayewuphonsa umkhonto wakhe kude kakhulu,
Wayengageji sidalo,
Ingcithabuchopho kwakunguShaka Zulu,
Naselabalabeni wayezishayela nje
Wayebona ngale kokwenzeka ngalesikhathi.
Amanothi Amasiko
UMulabalaba empeleni uwumdlalo “wokubanjwa kwezinkomo”. Izinkomo zazibaluleke kakhulu esizweni samaZulu ngoba, ngaphezu kokuthi sothola , isikhumba, ubisi kanye nama-masi , zaba yizimpawu zengcebo nesimo futhi zaba yingqikithi yenhlalakahle yonke. Umhlatshelo wezinkomo walungisa ubudlelwano obuhle phakathi kwemihlaba yabaphilayo nabafileyo futhi kwakuyisici esibalulekile emikhubeni yokudlula. Ngempela, esikhathini esidlule, ukudluliselwa kwezinkomo emndenini womkhwenyana ziyiswa emndenini kamakoti kwakubhekwa njengento edingekayo ukuze kushadelwe. lezi zinkomo zelobolo (ngokwesiko eziyishumi nanye ngenombolo) zimelela isinxephezelo sokulahlekelwa “yinzalabantu” emndenini kamakoti.
Okubaluleke nakakhulu, nokho, ilobolo lalithathwa njengesivumelwano okhokho bendlu kamakoti kubo bonke abantwana abazalwa emshadweni. Okungukuthi, umntwana ozelwe ngumakoti akayena owomndeni kanina kodwa ungowomndeni kayise. Uma inkosikazi iba yinyumba , umyeni wayo wayenelungelo lokucela ukubuyiselwa ilobolo (kodwa hhayi eyeshumi kanye emelela ubuntombi bomakoti) futhi alisebenzisele ukuthatha omunye umfazi . Okufanele kuqashelwe lapha ukuthi (ukuze kugwenywe ukuhanjiswa kwamalobolo), uyise kamakoti anganikela ngenye indodakazi ezozalela udadewabo oyinyumba. Nokho inzalo eyavelayo yathathwa ngokuthi ingabantwana bomfazi oyinyumba; kanti unina wangempela womntwana wayebhekwa nje ‘njengenzalabantu.
Izinkomo ze-nguni zazincane, ziqinile, zikwazi ukumelana nemikhazana, zikwazi ukumelana nokushisa, futhi zazikwazi ukumelana nezifo futhi zibonisa ukuhlukahluka okuphawulekayo kwemibala nokuma kwezimpondo. imibala eminingana eyisisekelo yavela ohlotsheni lwamaNguni, okungukuthi: omhlophe, ophuzi, obomvu, o-dun, onsundu, nomnyama futhi yonke yabonisa ukuhluka kobukhulu bombala (kusuka kokuphaphathekile kuye kokucwebezelayo).Kuyilapho imibala exubile nayo yayivamile, uShaka (umsunguli wombuso wamaZulu) kuthiwa wayenomhlambi wezinkomo ezimhlophe qhwa ezingu-50 000.
Amasu kanye Nokwakheka
Umqhudelwano wo-umlabalaba esikoleni saseThekwini. Iqhinga labo lokunqoba umlabalaba lifana “ne-tic tac toe” ngokuthi umdlali uzama ukufaka izinkomo zakhe ukuze ukuze izimbangi zakho zingakuvikeli . okungukuthi, abeke izinkomo ngendlela yokuthi (ekunyakazeni kwakhe okulandelayo) enze akhe isibhamu ngezinkomo ezintathu kunoma iyiphi indlela yezindlela ezimbili. Nakuba kuzokhulunywa okuningi ngalesi sihloko kuDkt powe ezayo “Zulu Chess”, kufanele kuqashelwe lapha ukuthi kukhona ukwakheka okubili (noma amaphethini) okudinga ukunakwa okukhethekile, okungukuthi: 1) iso lengonyama (ukwakheka lapho amathokheni amane omdlali ezungeza indawo engenalutho) kanye 2) “nomhlathi wekati” noma “umbeleko wekati” (ukwakheka lapho aamathokheni omdlali ahlelwe kangangokuthi ngokuhambisa ucezu olulodwa emgqeni wokuthwebula wenza omunye umugqa wokubamba.
Kuqaphele kuzindlela ezimbili, lapho khona izinkomo zomdlai zikaka indawo enganalutho. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umdali engahlela izinkomo zakhe ngendlela wokuthi mayenyakazisa inkomo eyodwa kwakekha isibhamu adle imbangi yakhe.
© 2007 ngu-Edward L. Powe
Iqembu nokuhlelwa
Abadlali ababili bayaqhudelana .
Incazelo yomdlalo
Umdlalo uqukethe izigaba ezintathu futhi udlalwa kanje:Isiteji sokuqala Umdlali ngamunye uqala ngezinkomo eziwu -12, ‘nebhodi’ elicacile.
Umdlali ngamunye ubeka ‘inkomo’ eyodwa ngesikhathi emgodini noma esiyingini (‘indawo ekuhlangana kuyo imigqa ’).
Inhloso ukwakha imigqa yezinkomo ibe mithathu , eqondile, ne-diagonal noma evundlile. ‘Izinkomo’ zingabekwa kuphela ‘ezimpambanweni’ ezingahlali muntu. Uma umugqa wamathokheni amathathu ufinyelelwa, khona-ke umdlali angase akhiphe (‘dubula’) enye ‘yezinkomo’ zembangi. isibhamu umnyakazo ohlanganisa ukuhambisa inkomo iqonde phezulu noma iqonde ukwenza umugqa wezinkomo ezintathu.
Umdlali akakwazi ‘ukudubula’ izinkomo ‘ezintathu ngokulandelana’ zembangi uma kukhona ezinye ‘izinkomo’ ‘ebhodini’ ezisele. Engadubula inkomo eyodwa ngesikhathii, ngisho noma ngabe izibhamu ezimbili noma ngaphezulu zakekha kanyekanye ebe ehambe kanye. Uma ‘inkomo’ isidutshuliwe, ngeke iphinde isetshenziswe ekudlaleni. Isiteji sesibili, Uma ‘izinkomo’ zomdlali ngamunye eziyi-12 sezibekwe ‘ebhodini’, zingasuswa ‘la kuhlangana khona imigqa ziyiswe la kungenankomo khona empambanweni yemigqa.
Abadlali bangase babhidlize yabo imigqa ‘emithathu ngokulandelana’ ukuze bakhe izibhamu ezintsha, noma bahlele kabusha ‘izinkomo’ zabo. ‘Izinkomo’ zingahle ziyiswe emuva noma phambili ‘la kuphambana khona imigqa’ bephindaphinda, ngakho-ke, ‘izinkomo ezintathu ezilandelanayo’ kungadutshulwa zona. Esigabeni sesithathu, uma umdlali eselahlekelwe yizo zonke ‘izinkomo’ engahambisa inkomo ayise noma kuphi la kuphambana khona imigqa ehambe Kanye.
Imithetho
Ukubambezela isikhathi seseluliwe akuvunyelwe.
Uma kudingeka, umdlali uzonikezwa umzuzu owodwa ngesikhathi sokudlala ukuze anqume ngomnyakazo wakhe olandelayo.
Iwashi lizosetshenziselwa ukubeka isikhathi sokulibaziseka ngomzuzu owodwa.
Uma kukhona ukubambezeleka okunwetshiwe, unompempe angakwazi:
Ukukhombisa ikhadi eliphuzi kumdlali olibazisa umdlalo (njengesexwayiso).
khombisa ikhadi elibomvu kumdlali owonayo. Makunjaloke imbangi inikezwa umnyakazo olandelayo.
Uma ukubambezela kuqhubeka imbangi kuba yiyo enqobayo.
Amaphuzu
Umdlalo usuphelile lapho omunye wabadlali engasakwazi ukuhambisa ‘izinkomo’, noma esele nezinkomo ezimbili kuphela ebhodini.
Umdlalo uphela ngokulingana lapho umdlali esesele nezinkomo ezintathu futhi ongekho umdlali okwazi ‘ukudubula’ ‘inkomo’ yembangi ngeminyakazo eyi-10.
Ukunqoba
Kulo mdlalo, ukhipha noma ‘udubula’ izinkomo zembangi yakho. Onqobayo kuba ngumdlali odubule izinkomo zembangi yakhe yaze yasala nezimbili kuphela ebhodini.
Umthombo
Dr. Edward L. Powe, iBLAC Foundation (www.blacfoundation.org)